英文疑問句入門:do、be、can 與疑問詞怎麼排
英文問句常見難點不是把句尾改成問號,而是決定句首要不要放助動詞,以及主詞和動詞怎麼排列。先找句子裡的主要動詞,再看它前面是否已有 be、can、will 等助動詞,通常就能選對句型。
先分辨四種句型
| 句子類型 | 句型 | 陳述句 | 問句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一般動詞的現在式 | Do/Does + 主詞 + 原形動詞? | You like tea. | Do you like tea? |
| 一般動詞的過去式 | Did + 主詞 + 原形動詞? | Maya visited Taipei. | Did Maya visit Taipei? |
| be 動詞 | Am/Is/Are/Was/Were + 主詞? | They are ready. | Are they ready? |
| 情態助動詞 | Can/Will/Should + 主詞 + 原形動詞? | He can swim. | Can he swim? |
一般動詞句如果沒有其他助動詞,現在簡單式和過去簡單式通常要用 do、does 或 did 來組問句。句子若已經有 be 或情態助動詞,就把該助動詞移到主詞前,不要再加 do。
do、does、did 後面接原形動詞
- Do 搭配 I、you、we、they 和複數主詞:Do your friends work here?
- Does 搭配 he、she、it 和單數第三人稱:Does Nina take the bus?
- Did 用於過去式各種主詞:Did they call you yesterday?
助動詞已經帶出人稱或時態變化,因此後面的主要動詞回到原形:
- 正確:Does he play tennis? / Did she go home?
- 常見錯誤:Does he plays tennis? / Did she went home?
有 be 或情態助動詞時,不加 do
- be 動詞:Is your brother at home? / Were the shops open?
- can:Can I use this chair?
- will:Will the meeting start at ten?
- should:Should we book a table?
因此不要說 Do you are tired? 或 Do she can drive?。應改成 Are you tired?、Can she drive?。be 作為主要動詞時也直接移位:Is Leo a student?
疑問詞放在問句前面
常見疑問詞包括 what(什麼)、where(哪裡)、when(何時)、why(為什麼)、who(誰)、which(哪一個)和 how(如何/怎麼)。大多數問句先用疑問詞,再接一般問句語序:
- Where do they live?
- What is she reading?
- Why did the train stop?
- How can I open this file?
若 who 或 what 本身就是做動作的人或事物,通常不用 do 倒裝:Who called you?(誰打給你?)比較 Who did you call?(你打給誰?)。前一句 who 是主詞;後一句 you 才是主詞。
簡短回答也要對應助動詞
| 問句 | 肯定簡答 | 否定簡答 |
|---|---|---|
| Do you study here? | Yes, I do. | No, I don’t. |
| Is Ken busy? | Yes, he is. | No, he isn’t. |
| Can they come? | Yes, they can. | No, they can’t. |
| Did she email you? | Yes, she did. | No, she didn’t. |
回答時沿用問句的助動詞,比只回答 yes 或 no 更清楚;日常對話也可依情境省略完整句子。
練習:把陳述句改成問句
- Your sister speaks French.(改成一般疑問句)
- They were at the station.(改成一般疑問句)
- He can fix the printer.(改成一般疑問句)
- Emma bought a new bag.(用 what 詢問她買了什麼)
- Someone sent this message.(詢問是誰傳的)
答案
- Does your sister speak French?
- Were they at the station?
- Can he fix the printer?
- What did Emma buy?
- Who sent this message?
寫完問句的快速檢查
- 找出主要動詞,確認它是一般動詞還是 be 動詞。
- 看句中是否已有 can、will、should 等助動詞;有的話通常直接移到主詞前。
- 一般動詞句若需要 do/does/did,確認主要動詞使用原形。
- 加上疑問詞時,檢查它是不是主詞;主詞型 who/what 不照一般受詞問句倒裝。
- 最後檢查主詞與助動詞一致、時態合理,並加上問號。
本篇聚焦初級的是非問句與 wh- 問句。附加問句、間接問句(例如 Could you tell me where the station is?)和特殊語氣另有規則;間接問句的子句通常回到陳述語序。文法說明可參閱 Cambridge English Grammar Today 及 British Council LearnEnglish 的問句章節。查核日期:2026-10-04。
延伸閱讀
- [英文冠詞 a、an、the:先看可數與已知程度]()
- 英文過去簡單式與現在完成式:時間觀點怎麼選
參考來源
資料記錄
資料維護資訊
- 最後查證
- 2026年10月4日