語言代碼怎麼選：ISO 639 與 BCP 47 語言標籤
網站或資料表中的語言欄位，可能是 zh、eng、zh-Hant-TW 等不同形式。前者可能是 ISO 639 語言代碼，後者則是由多個子標籤組成的 BCP 47 標籤。要標記內容語言、文字系統或地區變體時，先確認欄位要表達哪一層資訊；不要把語言代碼和國家代碼混為一談。查核日期：2026-10-06。
快速對照
| 格式 | 例子 | 表達內容 | 常見用途 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 639-1，兩字母 | zh、en、ja |
語言識別碼 | 簡單語言欄位、系統選單 |
| ISO 639-2，三字母 | zho、eng、jpn |
語言或語言群組識別碼 | 書目、圖書館等需要較廣涵蓋的資料 |
| BCP 47 語言標籤 | zh-Hant-TW、en-GB |
語言，以及可選的文字系統、地區等資訊 | HTML、文件中標記內容語言，語言協商 |
ISO 639 並非只有一張兩字母表。ISO 維護的語言代碼集合包含不同部分：ISO 639-1 以兩字母代碼涵蓋常見語言；其他集合使用三字母代碼並涵蓋更廣的個別語言或語言群組。選用哪個集合，需看既有資料規格和接收端要求。不能單純把每個兩字母值機械式轉成三字母值。
代碼查找與轉換方法表
ISO 639 各組代碼沒有可直接套用的數學轉換公式；應依同一筆官方名稱／語言項目查對代碼，並按接收欄位要求選碼。
| 手上的資料 | 目標欄位 | 查找方法 | 例子／注意 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 639-1 兩字母碼 | ISO 639-2 三字母碼 | 在下方完整表找同一列的 ISO 639-1 欄 | zh 對應 B 碼 chi、T 碼 zho；依書目或術語欄位選擇 |
| ISO 639-2/B 書目碼 | ISO 639-2/T 術語碼 | 查同一列 B 與 T 欄；T 空白時沒有不同拼法 | alb → sqi；不得只按前三個字母推算 |
| 語言代碼 | BCP 47 標籤 | 先用語言子標籤，再依需要加 script／region，並以 IANA 登錄核對 | zh → zh-Hant-TW；新增文字和地區資訊不是單純代碼替換 |
| BCP 47 標籤 | 固定 ISO 639-1 欄位 | 解析第一個語言子標籤，再確認該欄位只接受 ISO 639-1 | zh-Hant-TW 可取出 zh；不要把完整標籤存入兩字母欄 |
ISO 639-1 雙字母語言代碼完整表
下表收錄 183 個目前列在 ISO 639-1（ISO 639 Set 1）的雙字母代碼，依代碼排序；名稱沿用美國國會圖書館（ISO 639-2 Coding Agency）官方資料表的英文名稱，方便用原始拼法搜尋。這不是 BCP 47 全部可組合標籤的清單，也不涵蓋 ISO 639-3 的數千個語言代碼。
| ISO 639-1 | 官方英文名稱 |
|---|---|
aa |
Afar |
ab |
Abkhazian |
ae |
Avestan |
af |
Afrikaans |
ak |
Akan |
am |
Amharic |
an |
Aragonese |
ar |
Arabic |
as |
Assamese |
av |
Avaric |
ay |
Aymara |
az |
Azerbaijani |
ba |
Bashkir |
be |
Belarusian |
bg |
Bulgarian |
bi |
Bislama |
bm |
Bambara |
bn |
Bengali |
bo |
Tibetan |
br |
Breton |
bs |
Bosnian |
ca |
Catalan; Valencian |
ce |
Chechen |
ch |
Chamorro |
co |
Corsican |
cr |
Cree |
cs |
Czech |
cu |
Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic |
cv |
Chuvash |
cy |
Welsh |
da |
Danish |
de |
German |
dv |
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian |
dz |
Dzongkha |
ee |
Ewe |
el |
Modern Greek (1453-) |
en |
English |
eo |
Esperanto |
es |
Spanish; Castilian |
et |
Estonian |
eu |
Basque |
fa |
Persian |
ff |
Fulah |
fi |
Finnish |
fj |
Fijian |
fo |
Faroese |
fr |
French |
fy |
Western Frisian |
ga |
Irish |
gd |
Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic |
gl |
Galician |
gn |
Guarani |
gu |
Gujarati |
gv |
Manx |
ha |
Hausa |
he |
Hebrew |
hi |
Hindi |
ho |
Hiri Motu |
hr |
Croatian |
ht |
Haitian; Haitian Creole |
hu |
Hungarian |
hy |
Armenian |
hz |
Herero |
ia |
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) |
id |
Indonesian |
ie |
Interlingue; Occidental |
ig |
Igbo |
ii |
Sichuan Yi; Nuosu |
ik |
Inupiaq |
io |
Ido |
is |
Icelandic |
it |
Italian |
iu |
Inuktitut |
ja |
Japanese |
jv |
Javanese |
ka |
Georgian |
kg |
Kongo |
ki |
Kikuyu; Gikuyu |
kj |
Kuanyama; Kwanyama |
kk |
Kazakh |
kl |
Kalaallisut; Greenlandic |
km |
Central Khmer |
kn |
Kannada |
ko |
Korean |
kr |
Kanuri |
ks |
Kashmiri |
ku |
Kurdish |
kv |
Komi |
kw |
Cornish |
ky |
Kirghiz; Kyrgyz |
la |
Latin |
lb |
Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch |
lg |
Ganda |
li |
Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish |
ln |
Lingala |
lo |
Lao |
lt |
Lithuanian |
lu |
Luba-Katanga |
lv |
Latvian |
mg |
Malagasy |
mh |
Marshallese |
mi |
Maori |
mk |
Macedonian |
ml |
Malayalam |
mn |
Mongolian |
mr |
Marathi |
ms |
Malay |
mt |
Maltese |
my |
Burmese |
na |
Nauru |
nb |
Norwegian Bokmål |
nd |
North Ndebele |
ne |
Nepali |
ng |
Ndonga |
nl |
Dutch; Flemish |
nn |
Norwegian Nynorsk |
no |
Norwegian |
nr |
South Ndebele |
nv |
Navajo; Navaho |
ny |
Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja |
oc |
Occitan (post 1500) |
oj |
Ojibwa |
om |
Oromo |
or |
Oriya |
os |
Ossetian; Ossetic |
pa |
Panjabi; Punjabi |
pi |
Pali |
pl |
Polish |
ps |
Pushto; Pashto |
pt |
Portuguese |
qu |
Quechua |
rm |
Romansh |
rn |
Rundi |
ro |
Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan |
ru |
Russian |
rw |
Kinyarwanda |
sa |
Sanskrit |
sc |
Sardinian |
sd |
Sindhi |
se |
Northern Sami |
sg |
Sango |
si |
Sinhala; Sinhalese |
sk |
Slovak |
sl |
Slovenian |
sm |
Samoan |
sn |
Shona |
so |
Somali |
sq |
Albanian |
sr |
Serbian |
ss |
Swati |
st |
Sotho, Southern |
su |
Sundanese |
sv |
Swedish |
sw |
Swahili |
ta |
Tamil |
te |
Telugu |
tg |
Tajik |
th |
Thai |
ti |
Tigrinya |
tk |
Turkmen |
tl |
Tagalog |
tn |
Tswana |
to |
Tonga (Tonga Islands) |
tr |
Turkish |
ts |
Tsonga |
tt |
Tatar |
tw |
Twi |
ty |
Tahitian |
ug |
Uighur; Uyghur |
uk |
Ukrainian |
ur |
Urdu |
uz |
Uzbek |
ve |
Venda |
vi |
Vietnamese |
vo |
Volapük |
wa |
Walloon |
wo |
Wolof |
xh |
Xhosa |
yi |
Yiddish |
yo |
Yoruba |
za |
Zhuang; Chuang |
zh |
Chinese |
zu |
Zulu |
ISO 639-2 三字母語言代碼完整表
下表列出 Library of Congress 所維護的 487 筆 ISO 639-2 登錄資料，依 alpha-3/B 欄排序，包含語言、語言群組與特殊值。alpha-3/B 是書目碼，alpha-3/T 是術語碼；若 T 欄為空白，代表登錄表沒有另一個不同的 T 形式，該筆使用 B 欄碼。兩種碼只在官方表列出不同拼法時才不同，例如 Albanian 的 alb／sqi、Chinese 的 chi／zho。ISO 639-1 欄空白代表沒有對應的兩字母碼。英文名稱保留 LOC 原文，方便逐項搜尋與比對。
| ISO 639-2/B 書目碼 | ISO 639-2/T 術語碼（若不同） | ISO 639-1 | LOC 官方英文名稱 |
|---|---|---|---|
aar |
— | aa |
Afar |
abk |
— | ab |
Abkhazian |
ace |
— | — | Achinese |
ach |
— | — | Acoli |
ada |
— | — | Adangme |
ady |
— | — | Adyghe; Adygei |
afa |
— | — | Afro-Asiatic languages |
afh |
— | — | Afrihili |
afr |
— | af |
Afrikaans |
ain |
— | — | Ainu |
aka |
— | ak |
Akan |
akk |
— | — | Akkadian |
alb |
sqi |
sq |
Albanian |
ale |
— | — | Aleut |
alg |
— | — | Algonquian languages |
alt |
— | — | Southern Altai |
amh |
— | am |
Amharic |
ang |
— | — | English, Old (ca.450-1100) |
anp |
— | — | Angika |
apa |
— | — | Apache languages |
ara |
— | ar |
Arabic |
arc |
— | — | Official Aramaic (700-300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE) |
arg |
— | an |
Aragonese |
arm |
hye |
hy |
Armenian |
arn |
— | — | Mapudungun; Mapuche |
arp |
— | — | Arapaho |
art |
— | — | Artificial languages |
arw |
— | — | Arawak |
asm |
— | as |
Assamese |
ast |
— | — | Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese |
ath |
— | — | Athapascan languages |
aus |
— | — | Australian languages |
ava |
— | av |
Avaric |
ave |
— | ae |
Avestan |
awa |
— | — | Awadhi |
aym |
— | ay |
Aymara |
aze |
— | az |
Azerbaijani |
bad |
— | — | Banda languages |
bai |
— | — | Bamileke languages |
bak |
— | ba |
Bashkir |
bal |
— | — | Baluchi |
bam |
— | bm |
Bambara |
ban |
— | — | Balinese |
baq |
eus |
eu |
Basque |
bas |
— | — | Basa |
bat |
— | — | Baltic languages |
bej |
— | — | Beja; Bedawiyet |
bel |
— | be |
Belarusian |
bem |
— | — | Bemba |
ben |
— | bn |
Bengali |
ber |
— | — | Berber languages |
bho |
— | — | Bhojpuri |
bih |
— | — | Bihari languages |
bik |
— | — | Bikol |
bin |
— | — | Bini; Edo |
bis |
— | bi |
Bislama |
bla |
— | — | Siksika |
bnt |
— | — | Bantu languages |
bos |
— | bs |
Bosnian |
bra |
— | — | Braj |
bre |
— | br |
Breton |
btk |
— | — | Batak languages |
bua |
— | — | Buriat |
bug |
— | — | Buginese |
bul |
— | bg |
Bulgarian |
bur |
mya |
my |
Burmese |
byn |
— | — | Blin; Bilin |
cad |
— | — | Caddo |
cai |
— | — | Central American Indian languages |
car |
— | — | Galibi Carib |
cat |
— | ca |
Catalan; Valencian |
cau |
— | — | Caucasian languages |
ceb |
— | — | Cebuano |
cel |
— | — | Celtic languages |
cha |
— | ch |
Chamorro |
chb |
— | — | Chibcha |
che |
— | ce |
Chechen |
chg |
— | — | Chagatai |
chi |
zho |
zh |
Chinese |
chk |
— | — | Chuukese |
chm |
— | — | Mari |
chn |
— | — | Chinook jargon |
cho |
— | — | Choctaw |
chp |
— | — | Chipewyan; Dene Suline |
chr |
— | — | Cherokee |
chu |
— | cu |
Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic |
chv |
— | cv |
Chuvash |
chy |
— | — | Cheyenne |
cmc |
— | — | Chamic languages |
cnr |
— | — | Montenegrin |
cop |
— | — | Coptic |
cor |
— | kw |
Cornish |
cos |
— | co |
Corsican |
cpe |
— | — | Creoles and pidgins, English based |
cpf |
— | — | Creoles and pidgins, French-based |
cpp |
— | — | Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based |
cre |
— | cr |
Cree |
crh |
— | — | Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish |
crp |
— | — | Creoles and pidgins |
csb |
— | — | Kashubian |
cus |
— | — | Cushitic languages |
cze |
ces |
cs |
Czech |
dak |
— | — | Dakota |
dan |
— | da |
Danish |
dar |
— | — | Dargwa |
day |
— | — | Land Dayak languages |
del |
— | — | Delaware |
den |
— | — | Slave (Athapascan) |
dgr |
— | — | Tlicho; Dogrib |
din |
— | — | Dinka |
div |
— | dv |
Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian |
doi |
— | — | Dogri |
dra |
— | — | Dravidian languages |
dsb |
— | — | Lower Sorbian |
dua |
— | — | Duala |
dum |
— | — | Dutch, Middle (ca.1050-1350) |
dut |
nld |
nl |
Dutch; Flemish |
dyu |
— | — | Dyula |
dzo |
— | dz |
Dzongkha |
efi |
— | — | Efik |
egy |
— | — | Egyptian (Ancient) |
eka |
— | — | Ekajuk |
elx |
— | — | Elamite |
eng |
— | en |
English |
enm |
— | — | English, Middle (1100-1500) |
epo |
— | eo |
Esperanto |
est |
— | et |
Estonian |
ewe |
— | ee |
Ewe |
ewo |
— | — | Ewondo |
fan |
— | — | Fang |
fao |
— | fo |
Faroese |
fat |
— | — | Fanti |
fij |
— | fj |
Fijian |
fil |
— | — | Filipino; Pilipino |
fin |
— | fi |
Finnish |
fiu |
— | — | Finno-Ugrian languages |
fon |
— | — | Fon |
fre |
fra |
fr |
French |
frm |
— | — | French, Middle (ca.1400-1600) |
fro |
— | — | French, Old (842-ca.1400) |
frr |
— | — | Northern Frisian |
frs |
— | — | Eastern Frisian |
fry |
— | fy |
Western Frisian |
ful |
— | ff |
Fulah |
fur |
— | — | Friulian |
gaa |
— | — | Ga |
gay |
— | — | Gayo |
gba |
— | — | Gbaya |
gem |
— | — | Germanic languages |
geo |
kat |
ka |
Georgian |
ger |
deu |
de |
German |
gez |
— | — | Geez |
gil |
— | — | Gilbertese |
gla |
— | gd |
Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic |
gle |
— | ga |
Irish |
glg |
— | gl |
Galician |
glv |
— | gv |
Manx |
gmh |
— | — | German, Middle High (ca.1050-1500) |
goh |
— | — | German, Old High (ca.750-1050) |
gon |
— | — | Gondi |
gor |
— | — | Gorontalo |
got |
— | — | Gothic |
grb |
— | — | Grebo |
grc |
— | — | Greek, Ancient (to 1453) |
gre |
ell |
el |
Modern Greek (1453-) |
grn |
— | gn |
Guarani |
gsw |
— | — | Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian |
guj |
— | gu |
Gujarati |
gwi |
— | — | Gwich’in |
hai |
— | — | Haida |
hat |
— | ht |
Haitian; Haitian Creole |
hau |
— | ha |
Hausa |
haw |
— | — | Hawaiian |
heb |
— | he |
Hebrew |
her |
— | hz |
Herero |
hil |
— | — | Hiligaynon |
him |
— | — | Himachali languages; Western Pahari languages |
hin |
— | hi |
Hindi |
hit |
— | — | Hittite |
hmn |
— | — | Hmong; Mong |
hmo |
— | ho |
Hiri Motu |
hrv |
— | hr |
Croatian |
hsb |
— | — | Upper Sorbian |
hun |
— | hu |
Hungarian |
hup |
— | — | Hupa |
iba |
— | — | Iban |
ibo |
— | ig |
Igbo |
ice |
isl |
is |
Icelandic |
ido |
— | io |
Ido |
iii |
— | ii |
Sichuan Yi; Nuosu |
ijo |
— | — | Ijo languages |
iku |
— | iu |
Inuktitut |
ile |
— | ie |
Interlingue; Occidental |
ilo |
— | — | Iloko |
ina |
— | ia |
Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) |
inc |
— | — | Indic languages |
ind |
— | id |
Indonesian |
ine |
— | — | Indo-European languages |
inh |
— | — | Ingush |
ipk |
— | ik |
Inupiaq |
ira |
— | — | Iranian languages |
iro |
— | — | Iroquoian languages |
ita |
— | it |
Italian |
jav |
— | jv |
Javanese |
jbo |
— | — | Lojban |
jpn |
— | ja |
Japanese |
jpr |
— | — | Judeo-Persian |
jrb |
— | — | Judeo-Arabic |
kaa |
— | — | Kara-Kalpak |
kab |
— | — | Kabyle |
kac |
— | — | Kachin; Jingpho |
kal |
— | kl |
Kalaallisut; Greenlandic |
kam |
— | — | Kamba |
kan |
— | kn |
Kannada |
kar |
— | — | Karen languages |
kas |
— | ks |
Kashmiri |
kau |
— | kr |
Kanuri |
kaw |
— | — | Kawi |
kaz |
— | kk |
Kazakh |
kbd |
— | — | Kabardian |
kha |
— | — | Khasi |
khi |
— | — | Khoisan languages |
khm |
— | km |
Central Khmer |
kho |
— | — | Khotanese; Sakan |
kik |
— | ki |
Kikuyu; Gikuyu |
kin |
— | rw |
Kinyarwanda |
kir |
— | ky |
Kirghiz; Kyrgyz |
kmb |
— | — | Kimbundu |
kok |
— | — | Konkani |
kom |
— | kv |
Komi |
kon |
— | kg |
Kongo |
kor |
— | ko |
Korean |
kos |
— | — | Kosraean |
kpe |
— | — | Kpelle |
krc |
— | — | Karachay-Balkar |
krl |
— | — | Karelian |
kro |
— | — | Kru languages |
kru |
— | — | Kurukh |
kua |
— | kj |
Kuanyama; Kwanyama |
kum |
— | — | Kumyk |
kur |
— | ku |
Kurdish |
kut |
— | — | Kutenai |
lad |
— | — | Ladino |
lah |
— | — | Lahnda |
lam |
— | — | Lamba |
lao |
— | lo |
Lao |
lat |
— | la |
Latin |
lav |
— | lv |
Latvian |
lez |
— | — | Lezghian |
lim |
— | li |
Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish |
lin |
— | ln |
Lingala |
lit |
— | lt |
Lithuanian |
lol |
— | — | Mongo |
loz |
— | — | Lozi |
ltz |
— | lb |
Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch |
lua |
— | — | Luba-Lulua |
lub |
— | lu |
Luba-Katanga |
lug |
— | lg |
Ganda |
lui |
— | — | Luiseno |
lun |
— | — | Lunda |
luo |
— | — | Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) |
lus |
— | — | Lushai |
mac |
mkd |
mk |
Macedonian |
mad |
— | — | Madurese |
mag |
— | — | Magahi |
mah |
— | mh |
Marshallese |
mai |
— | — | Maithili |
mak |
— | — | Makasar |
mal |
— | ml |
Malayalam |
man |
— | — | Mandingo |
mao |
mri |
mi |
Maori |
map |
— | — | Austronesian languages |
mar |
— | mr |
Marathi |
mas |
— | — | Masai |
may |
msa |
ms |
Malay |
mdf |
— | — | Moksha |
mdr |
— | — | Mandar |
men |
— | — | Mende |
mga |
— | — | Irish, Middle (900-1200) |
mic |
— | — | Mi’kmaq; Micmac |
min |
— | — | Minangkabau |
mis |
— | — | Uncoded languages |
mkh |
— | — | Mon-Khmer languages |
mlg |
— | mg |
Malagasy |
mlt |
— | mt |
Maltese |
mnc |
— | — | Manchu |
mni |
— | — | Manipuri |
mno |
— | — | Manobo languages |
moh |
— | — | Mohawk |
mon |
— | mn |
Mongolian |
mos |
— | — | Mossi |
mul |
— | — | Multiple languages |
mun |
— | — | Munda languages |
mus |
— | — | Creek |
mwl |
— | — | Mirandese |
mwr |
— | — | Marwari |
myn |
— | — | Mayan languages |
myv |
— | — | Erzya |
nah |
— | — | Nahuatl languages |
nai |
— | — | North American Indian languages |
nap |
— | — | Neapolitan |
nau |
— | na |
Nauru |
nav |
— | nv |
Navajo; Navaho |
nbl |
— | nr |
South Ndebele |
nde |
— | nd |
North Ndebele |
ndo |
— | ng |
Ndonga |
nds |
— | — | Low German; Low Saxon; German, Low; Saxon, Low |
nep |
— | ne |
Nepali |
new |
— | — | Nepal Bhasa; Newar; Newari |
nia |
— | — | Nias |
nic |
— | — | Niger-Kordofanian languages |
niu |
— | — | Niuean |
nno |
— | nn |
Norwegian Nynorsk |
nob |
— | nb |
Norwegian Bokmål |
nog |
— | — | Nogai |
non |
— | — | Norse, Old |
nor |
— | no |
Norwegian |
nqo |
— | — | N’Ko |
nso |
— | — | Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho |
nub |
— | — | Nubian languages |
nwc |
— | — | Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa |
nya |
— | ny |
Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja |
nym |
— | — | Nyamwezi |
nyn |
— | — | Nyankole |
nyo |
— | — | Nyoro |
nzi |
— | — | Nzima |
oci |
— | oc |
Occitan (post 1500) |
oji |
— | oj |
Ojibwa |
ori |
— | or |
Oriya |
orm |
— | om |
Oromo |
osa |
— | — | Osage |
oss |
— | os |
Ossetian; Ossetic |
ota |
— | — | Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) |
oto |
— | — | Otomian languages |
paa |
— | — | Papuan languages |
pag |
— | — | Pangasinan |
pal |
— | — | Pahlavi |
pam |
— | — | Pampanga; Kapampangan |
pan |
— | pa |
Panjabi; Punjabi |
pap |
— | — | Papiamento |
pau |
— | — | Palauan |
peo |
— | — | Persian, Old (ca.600-400 B.C.) |
per |
fas |
fa |
Persian |
phi |
— | — | Philippine languages |
phn |
— | — | Phoenician |
pli |
— | pi |
Pali |
pol |
— | pl |
Polish |
pon |
— | — | Pohnpeian |
por |
— | pt |
Portuguese |
pra |
— | — | Prakrit languages |
pro |
— | — | Provençal, Old (to 1500); Occitan, Old (to 1500) |
pus |
— | ps |
Pushto; Pashto |
qaa-qtz |
— | — | Reserved for local use |
que |
— | qu |
Quechua |
raj |
— | — | Rajasthani |
rap |
— | — | Rapanui |
rar |
— | — | Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori |
roa |
— | — | Romance languages |
roh |
— | rm |
Romansh |
rom |
— | — | Romany |
rum |
ron |
ro |
Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan |
run |
— | rn |
Rundi |
rup |
— | — | Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian |
rus |
— | ru |
Russian |
sad |
— | — | Sandawe |
sag |
— | sg |
Sango |
sah |
— | — | Yakut |
sai |
— | — | South American Indian languages |
sal |
— | — | Salishan languages |
sam |
— | — | Samaritan Aramaic |
san |
— | sa |
Sanskrit |
sas |
— | — | Sasak |
sat |
— | — | Santali |
scn |
— | — | Sicilian |
sco |
— | — | Scots |
sel |
— | — | Selkup |
sem |
— | — | Semitic languages |
sga |
— | — | Irish, Old (to 900) |
sgn |
— | — | Sign Languages |
shn |
— | — | Shan |
sid |
— | — | Sidamo |
sin |
— | si |
Sinhala; Sinhalese |
sio |
— | — | Siouan languages |
sit |
— | — | Sino-Tibetan languages |
sla |
— | — | Slavic languages |
slo |
slk |
sk |
Slovak |
slv |
— | sl |
Slovenian |
sma |
— | — | Southern Sami |
sme |
— | se |
Northern Sami |
smi |
— | — | Sami languages |
smj |
— | — | Lule Sami |
smn |
— | — | Inari Sami |
smo |
— | sm |
Samoan |
sms |
— | — | Skolt Sami |
sna |
— | sn |
Shona |
snd |
— | sd |
Sindhi |
snk |
— | — | Soninke |
sog |
— | — | Sogdian |
som |
— | so |
Somali |
son |
— | — | Songhai languages |
sot |
— | st |
Sotho, Southern |
spa |
— | es |
Spanish; Castilian |
srd |
— | sc |
Sardinian |
srn |
— | — | Sranan Tongo |
srp |
— | sr |
Serbian |
srr |
— | — | Serer |
ssa |
— | — | Nilo-Saharan languages |
ssw |
— | ss |
Swati |
suk |
— | — | Sukuma |
sun |
— | su |
Sundanese |
sus |
— | — | Susu |
sux |
— | — | Sumerian |
swa |
— | sw |
Swahili |
swe |
— | sv |
Swedish |
syc |
— | — | Classical Syriac |
syr |
— | — | Syriac |
tah |
— | ty |
Tahitian |
tai |
— | — | Tai languages |
tam |
— | ta |
Tamil |
tat |
— | tt |
Tatar |
tel |
— | te |
Telugu |
tem |
— | — | Timne |
ter |
— | — | Tereno |
tet |
— | — | Tetum |
tgk |
— | tg |
Tajik |
tgl |
— | tl |
Tagalog |
tha |
— | th |
Thai |
tib |
bod |
bo |
Tibetan |
tig |
— | — | Tigre |
tir |
— | ti |
Tigrinya |
tiv |
— | — | Tiv |
tkl |
— | — | Tokelau |
tlh |
— | — | Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol |
tli |
— | — | Tlingit |
tmh |
— | — | Tamashek |
tog |
— | — | Tonga (Nyasa) |
ton |
— | to |
Tonga (Tonga Islands) |
tpi |
— | — | Tok Pisin |
tsi |
— | — | Tsimshian |
tsn |
— | tn |
Tswana |
tso |
— | ts |
Tsonga |
tuk |
— | tk |
Turkmen |
tum |
— | — | Tumbuka |
tup |
— | — | Tupi languages |
tur |
— | tr |
Turkish |
tut |
— | — | Altaic languages |
tvl |
— | — | Tuvalu |
twi |
— | tw |
Twi |
tyv |
— | — | Tuvinian |
udm |
— | — | Udmurt |
uga |
— | — | Ugaritic |
uig |
— | ug |
Uighur; Uyghur |
ukr |
— | uk |
Ukrainian |
umb |
— | — | Umbundu |
und |
— | — | Undetermined |
urd |
— | ur |
Urdu |
uzb |
— | uz |
Uzbek |
vai |
— | — | Vai |
ven |
— | ve |
Venda |
vie |
— | vi |
Vietnamese |
vol |
— | vo |
Volapük |
vot |
— | — | Votic |
wak |
— | — | Wakashan languages |
wal |
— | — | Wolaitta; Wolaytta |
war |
— | — | Waray |
was |
— | — | Washo |
wel |
cym |
cy |
Welsh |
wen |
— | — | Sorbian languages |
wln |
— | wa |
Walloon |
wol |
— | wo |
Wolof |
xal |
— | — | Kalmyk; Oirat |
xho |
— | xh |
Xhosa |
yao |
— | — | Yao |
yap |
— | — | Yapese |
yid |
— | yi |
Yiddish |
yor |
— | yo |
Yoruba |
ypk |
— | — | Yupik languages |
zap |
— | — | Zapotec |
zbl |
— | — | Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss |
zen |
— | — | Zenaga |
zgh |
— | — | Standard Moroccan Tamazight |
zha |
— | za |
Zhuang; Chuang |
znd |
— | — | Zande languages |
zul |
— | zu |
Zulu |
zun |
— | — | Zuni |
zxx |
— | — | No linguistic content; Not applicable |
zza |
— | — | Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki |
ISO 639-3 與 BCP 47 完整資料入口
| 要查的資料集 | 涵蓋範圍 | 官方完整清單 |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 639-2（alpha-3） | 比 Set 1 更廣，包含各語言及部分語言群組；部分語言另有書目碼 B 與術語碼 T | 本文已列出完整 487 筆對照；Library of Congress 可搜尋清單；官方下載檔 |
| ISO 639-3（alpha-3） | 個別語言的廣泛代碼集合，涵蓋活語、已滅絕及古代語言 | SIL 官方代碼表下載頁 |
| BCP 47 子標籤 | 語言、文字系統、地區、變體、擴充及已棄用項目；登錄表持續更新 | IANA Language Subtag Registry；直接下載登錄文字檔 |
ISO 639-3 和 BCP 47 登錄資料比 ISO 639-1／639-2 大得多且持續維護，因此以負責機構的完整資料集作查詢來源，不把整個登錄表複製到文章中。IANA 登錄檔頁首含 File-Date；查核時的最新版日期為 2026-09-17，使用時可先核對該欄位。ISO 官方說明 Set 1 由 Infoterm 維護、Set 2／5 由 Library of Congress 維護、Set 3 由 SIL 維護。
BCP 47 可以細分文字和地區
BCP 47 標籤用連字號連接子標籤。常見結構是語言在前，後面視需要加入文字系統和地區：
en：英文。en-GB：英語內容或用法與英國地區相關。zh-Hant：以繁體中文文字系統表示的中文。zh-Hant-TW：以繁體中文文字系統表示、與台灣地區相關的中文內容。sr-Latn：以拉丁字母書寫的塞爾維亞語。
若需查所有文字系統的 ISO 15924 四字母碼和三位數碼，包括繁體／簡體漢字、拉丁、西里爾、阿拉伯及特殊代碼，見ISO 15924 文字系統代碼完整對照表。
語言子標籤通常採小寫，文字系統子標籤採首字母大寫，兩字母地區子標籤採大寫；地區子標籤也可使用三位數字，例如 es-419（拉丁美洲及加勒比地區）。zh-Hant-TW 和 es-419 都是有效的 BCP 47 標籤形式。大小寫慣例有助閱讀；標籤比較時則應遵從規格，不要把大小寫當成不同語言代碼。
地區子標籤指出與特定地區相關的語言用法或內容調整，不是說該語言只在那個地區使用。en-GB 和 en-US 可以提示不同語言變體；但語言標籤本身不會自動完成日期、貨幣、數字或排序格式化。應用程式通常還需要另外設定 locale 或地區格式規則。
內容語言與介面地區設定
lang 類欄位回答「這段文字使用什麼語言」，locale 設定則可能還要回答「日期和數字如何呈現」。例如，英文內容可搭配偏好的地區格式；中文內容也能按讀者或服務設定使用不同日期、數字呈現。若把語言標籤直接當完整的格式化設定，可能造成日期、貨幣符號或排序不符合預期。
網頁若同一頁含多種語言，可在文件或相關片段標記實際使用的語言，協助瀏覽器、搜尋及輔助科技理解內容。若某欄只需標記 ISO 639-1 代碼，便不要把 zh-Hant-TW 填進固定只接收兩字母值的欄位；需要文字與地區資訊時，則選支援 BCP 47 的欄位。
選用和保存方式
- 先看欄位規格：確認欄位要求 ISO 639 的哪一組代碼，或接受完整 BCP 47 標籤。
- 標記必要資訊：內容只需語言時用語言子標籤；只有在文字系統或地區資訊能區分內容時才加上相應子標籤。
- 查登錄表：以 IANA Language Subtag Registry 核對子標籤的有效性、描述及狀態；不要自行創造兩字母或三字母碼。
- 保留原始語言名稱：代碼適合機器交換，名稱供人閱讀；保存名稱時另記語言與顯示偏好，避免只依英文名稱判斷同一語言。
- 分開語言與格式：語言標籤、國家欄位和數字／日期／貨幣格式設定分欄保存。
查詢來源與查核範圍
- ISO：ISO 639 — Language Code（ISO 639 各代碼集合的範圍與維護資訊）
- Library of Congress：ISO 639-2 Code List（Set 1 雙字母碼、Set 2 三字母碼及英文名稱的官方搜尋表；提供下載資料檔）
- SIL International：ISO 639-3 Code Tables（ISO 639 Set 3 的官方代碼表下載入口）
- IETF：RFC 5646 — Tags for Identifying Languages（BCP 47 語言標籤的結構、子標籤和大小寫慣例）
- IANA：Language Subtag Registry（BCP 47 子標籤登錄資料）
- W3C：Language tags in HTML and XML（在網頁與文件中標記語言的使用說明）
查核日期：2026-10-06。ISO 639-1 與 ISO 639-2 表依 Library of Congress 公開資料整理；ISO 639-3 和 BCP 47 資料請從各維護機構連結查最新版本。語言代碼集合和登錄資料會更新；資料匯入、網站標記或系統整合時，應依欄位規格及 IANA 最新登錄表確認。